Multilingualism refers to the ability to speak or understand multiple languages. It can be individual, when a person uses different languages, or societal, when several languages coexist within a country. Language skills develop dynamically; they develop or decline over time. Multilingualism fosters cognitive flexibility and intercultural understanding, providing a wide range of educational, communication and participation opportunities in a globalised world. In particular, the concept of translanguaging involves the comprehensive and creative use of an individual’s entire repertoire of linguistic resources in learning and communication contexts.

Artificial intelligence in schools refers to digital systems that can learn autonomously, process information, and propose solutions. It supports teachers in lesson planning, diagnostics, and individualised support. Students benefit from adaptive learning programmes, creative applications, and language tools. At the same time, using AI requires a responsible approach to data protection, transparency, and ethical considerations in order to make learning meaningful, safe, and equitable.